Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

A thyroidectomy was performed for a rapidly enlarging neck mass in woman her 70s. The tumor diagnosed by pathology as an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Which of the following statements regarding carcinoma is most accurate?a.Anaplastic highly aggressive malignancy that usually occurs persons their second to third decade life.b.Almost all carcinomas occur setting previous radiation neck.c.Anaplastic are malignancies, fatal, and affect older persons.d.Anaplastic may be associated with BRAF or RAS mutations but not TP53 TERT promoter mutations. Answer: c. Anaplastic persons. composed undifferentiated follicular cells. These tumors uncommon, accounting 1% United States.1Pereira M. Williams V.L. Hallanger Johnson J. Valderrabano P. Thyroid cancer incidence trends States: association changes professional guideline recommendations.Thyroid. 2020; 30: 1132-1140Crossref PubMed Scopus (36) Google Scholar affects (seventh decade), often presenting compressive symptoms and, some cases, paraneoplastic manifestations. generally lethal, 56% patients have lymph-node metastases 38% distant at presentation.2Hvilsom G.B. Londero S.C. Hahn C.H. et al.Anaplastic Denmark 1996-2012: national prospective study 219 patients.Cancer Epidemiol. 2018; 53: 65-71Crossref (12) infiltrative, extrathyroidal growth, angiolymphatic invasion, high-grade nuclear features. variety histologic subtypes such epithelioid, spindle cell/sarcomatoid, paucicellular, squamous, giant cell, rhabdoid/rhabdomyoblastic among others (Figures), making differential diagnosis challenging cases. Approximately 10% these history exposure iodine deficiency, respectively. concurrent well-differentiated poorly differentiated carcinoma.3Lam K.Y. Lo C.Y. Chan K.W. Wan Insular thyroid: 45-year comparative single institution review significance p53 p21.Ann Surg. 2000; 231: 329-338Crossref (132) Scholar,4Xu B. Fuchs T. Dogan S. al.Dissecting carcinoma: comprehensive clinical, histologic, immunophenotypic, molecular 360 cases.Thyroid. 1505-1517Crossref (57) described having “early” “late” genetic alterations. Early driver involve V600E (especially papillary carcinoma) late promoter.5Volante Lam A.K. Papotti Tallini G. Molecular cancer: what do pathologists need know?.Endocr Pathol. 2021; 32: 63-76Crossref (13) ScholarView Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)View (PPT)